The wetsuit is the accessory that symbolizes today's scuba diving, along with fins and a tank. They have come a long way since their earlier days of suit pioneers like the O'Neill brothers and their Santa Cruz surf suits to being made from a combination of neoprene rubber and synthetic fabrics. Wetsuits today contain a combination of a wide variety of fabric weaves, designs, colors, and different types of material densities. There are loads of brands to choose from, each offering their own unique properties on one of the most important parts of the scuba divers outfit, especially if diving in temperate or moderately deep waters is planned.
History of Wetsuits
Wetsuits were first made from rubber skins and were worn to keep in heat and for skin protection. More advanced suits made of neoprene, whose cellular construction traps air and water to be heated better than simple rubber. These more advanced suits were made possible by early designs of the rubber suits. However, although neoprene is more flexible, the earlier versions of wetsuits made from it were easy to rip and very hard to put on, putting it on often required applying talcum powder to the inside of the suit. As several generations passed, new breakthrough lines such as the Sharkskin and Turtleskin brands added a whole new layer of nylon sheeting to the inner suit and a textured surface which increases strength and durability.
Modern wetsuits use combinations of Lycra or other synthetic materials to replace nylon sheeting. Some brands, such as the Pinnacle Aquatics lines, feature combinations of titanium weaves and natural Merino wool to increased durability, warmth and to reduce odors. These modern suits also use layers of thicker materials to protect sensitive spine and neck areas, and have reinforced knee and elbow pads to protect the diver against chafing against rocks and coral heads.
How It Works
There is one basic principle of the wetsuit; water flows into small pores of the neoprene foam of the suit where it is trapped, it is then warmed up by the body heat and energy of the diver. This layer of warm water then acts as a thermal suit by keeping the cold water from getting to the skin. Wetsuits are actually designed to let water come into contact with the skin, unlike the dry suits which are sealed to keep water out. When temperatures range from 40 to 60 degrees, the average dive temperature, wetsuits are preferably used because there are hardly any intense temperatures for the body to be protected from. Dry suits are used for low exceedingly low temperatures to protect the body from potential freezing.
Wet Suit Types
Besides the well-known full suit, there are many other different types of wetsuits. One particular wetsuit, "Shorty" suits, have full torsos but dont cover the entire arm and leg areas. These are good for warm water conditions because its main purpose is for maintaining body heat at great depths. Another suit, the "Farmer John" style, which has a thickened pants layer that goes up around the shoulder but does not cover the arms. This is a good type for surfing purposes where knee protection is important. Another addition to these suits is the now specialized "thin suits" for competitive swimming and light dive purposes. These suits do more than just temperature control as they offer streamlining and abrasion protection.
The Hoods
The hood is the next important accessory to a full wetsuit. Its important because over 25% of body heat is lost through the head. They are often made of similar materials to a wetsuit but are thicker to prevent loss of heat around such a sensitive area. Most of the hoods have long bibs that tuck within the neck of the wetsuit to protect against a gush of cold water down the neck.
The Booties
Even though some wetsuits commonly have built-in feet, most use separate booties. These booties are drawn up over the legs of the wetsuit. To facilitate standing or pushing off against the bottom of rough surfaces booties are usually reinforced and corrugated.
Gloves
Another important addition is the Gloves. They must not only protect against cold water but must also stop sharp coral and rocks from damaging the skin. Diving gloves also have textured fingertips to help in handling gear or other objects during a dive.
Conclusion
As you can see, wetsuits have come a long way since the early primitive rubber casings of the early 1950's. With new materials and special computer-aided designs, wetsuits will continue to improve and offer the divers of the 21st century many new options for their diving experience. - 15683
History of Wetsuits
Wetsuits were first made from rubber skins and were worn to keep in heat and for skin protection. More advanced suits made of neoprene, whose cellular construction traps air and water to be heated better than simple rubber. These more advanced suits were made possible by early designs of the rubber suits. However, although neoprene is more flexible, the earlier versions of wetsuits made from it were easy to rip and very hard to put on, putting it on often required applying talcum powder to the inside of the suit. As several generations passed, new breakthrough lines such as the Sharkskin and Turtleskin brands added a whole new layer of nylon sheeting to the inner suit and a textured surface which increases strength and durability.
Modern wetsuits use combinations of Lycra or other synthetic materials to replace nylon sheeting. Some brands, such as the Pinnacle Aquatics lines, feature combinations of titanium weaves and natural Merino wool to increased durability, warmth and to reduce odors. These modern suits also use layers of thicker materials to protect sensitive spine and neck areas, and have reinforced knee and elbow pads to protect the diver against chafing against rocks and coral heads.
How It Works
There is one basic principle of the wetsuit; water flows into small pores of the neoprene foam of the suit where it is trapped, it is then warmed up by the body heat and energy of the diver. This layer of warm water then acts as a thermal suit by keeping the cold water from getting to the skin. Wetsuits are actually designed to let water come into contact with the skin, unlike the dry suits which are sealed to keep water out. When temperatures range from 40 to 60 degrees, the average dive temperature, wetsuits are preferably used because there are hardly any intense temperatures for the body to be protected from. Dry suits are used for low exceedingly low temperatures to protect the body from potential freezing.
Wet Suit Types
Besides the well-known full suit, there are many other different types of wetsuits. One particular wetsuit, "Shorty" suits, have full torsos but dont cover the entire arm and leg areas. These are good for warm water conditions because its main purpose is for maintaining body heat at great depths. Another suit, the "Farmer John" style, which has a thickened pants layer that goes up around the shoulder but does not cover the arms. This is a good type for surfing purposes where knee protection is important. Another addition to these suits is the now specialized "thin suits" for competitive swimming and light dive purposes. These suits do more than just temperature control as they offer streamlining and abrasion protection.
The Hoods
The hood is the next important accessory to a full wetsuit. Its important because over 25% of body heat is lost through the head. They are often made of similar materials to a wetsuit but are thicker to prevent loss of heat around such a sensitive area. Most of the hoods have long bibs that tuck within the neck of the wetsuit to protect against a gush of cold water down the neck.
The Booties
Even though some wetsuits commonly have built-in feet, most use separate booties. These booties are drawn up over the legs of the wetsuit. To facilitate standing or pushing off against the bottom of rough surfaces booties are usually reinforced and corrugated.
Gloves
Another important addition is the Gloves. They must not only protect against cold water but must also stop sharp coral and rocks from damaging the skin. Diving gloves also have textured fingertips to help in handling gear or other objects during a dive.
Conclusion
As you can see, wetsuits have come a long way since the early primitive rubber casings of the early 1950's. With new materials and special computer-aided designs, wetsuits will continue to improve and offer the divers of the 21st century many new options for their diving experience. - 15683
About the Author:
Ed J Price has had a marked interest in Scuba Diving for several years. For additional information on wet suits, check his online site now.
